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Main Goal of Cryptography

To build a secure channel for communication between the sender and receiver,
ensuring these properties are met

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  1. Privacy: Only Sender & Receiver understands the message
  2. Authenticity: No 3rd party can temper with the channel
  3. Integrity: Data remains consistent and not lost in transit.

Zero Knowledge Proof

A method of Authenticating whether someone knows the Private Key(which only user knows), by sending encrypted data and the other sends decrypted for proof.

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Steps:
  • Verifier generates a random number, encrypts with "public key" & sends to Prover
  • Prover decrypts with Private Key & sends plaintext to Verifier
  • The Verifier checks the challenge matches what they originally sent. If it does, then they know that the Prover knows the private key, and is hence Authenticated.

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