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Update Script Maintenance Report

DataHub
DataHub
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Data are sourced from the US Government's Earth System Research Laboratory, Global Monitoring Division. Two main series are provided: the Mauna Loa series (which has the longest continuous series since 1958) and a Global Average series (a global average over marine surface sites).

API Access

Access dataset files directly from scripts, code, or AI agents.

Browse dataset files
Dataset Files

Each file has a stable URL (r-link) that you can use directly in scripts, apps, or AI agents. These URLs are permanent and safe to hardcode.

/core/co2-ppm/
https://datahub.io/core/co2-ppm/_r/-/.gitignore
https://datahub.io/core/co2-ppm/_r/-/LICENSE
https://datahub.io/core/co2-ppm/_r/-/README.md
https://datahub.io/core/co2-ppm/_r/-/UPDATE_SCRIPT_MAINTENANCE_REPORT.md
https://datahub.io/core/co2-ppm/_r/-/data/co2-annmean-gl.csv
https://datahub.io/core/co2-ppm/_r/-/data/co2-annmean-mlo.csv
https://datahub.io/core/co2-ppm/_r/-/data/co2-gr-gl.csv
https://datahub.io/core/co2-ppm/_r/-/data/co2-gr-mlo.csv
https://datahub.io/core/co2-ppm/_r/-/data/co2-mm-gl.csv
https://datahub.io/core/co2-ppm/_r/-/data/co2-mm-mlo.csv
https://datahub.io/core/co2-ppm/_r/-/datapackage.json
Key Files

Start with these files — they give you everything you need to understand and access the dataset.

datapackage.json— metadata & schema
https://datahub.io/core/co2-ppm/_r/-/datapackage.json
README.md— documentation
https://datahub.io/core/co2-ppm/_r/-/README.md
Typical Usage
  1. 1. Fetch datapackage.json to inspect schema and resources
  2. 2. Download data resources listed in datapackage.json
  3. 3. Read README.md for full context

Data Views

Data Previews

co2-mm-mlo

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Schema

nametypeformatdescription
DatedateanyYYYY-MM-DD
Decimal Datenumber
AveragenumberThe monthly mean CO2 mole fraction determined from daily averages. If there are missing days concentrated either early or late in the month, the monthly mean is corrected to the middle of the month using the average seasonal cycle. Missing months are denoted by -99.99.
InterpolatednumberValues from the average column and interpolated values where data are missing. Interpolated values are computed in two steps. First, we compute for each month the average seasonal cycle in a 7-year window around each monthly value. In this way the seasonal cycle is allowed to change slowly over time. We then determine the trend value for each month by removing the seasonal cycle; this result is shown in the trend column. Trend values are linearly interpolated for missing months. The interpolated monthly mean is then the sum of the average seasonal cycle value and the trend value for the missing month.
TrendnumberSeasonally corrected.
Number of Daysnumber-1 denotes no data for number of daily averages in the month.

co2-annmean-mlo

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Schema

nametypeformatdescription
Yearyearany
Meannumber
UncertaintynumberThe estimated uncertainty in the annual mean is the standard deviation of the differences of annual mean values determined independently by NOAA/ESRL and the Scripps Institution of Oceanography.

co2-gr-mlo

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Schema

nametypeformatdescription
Yearyearany
Annual IncreasenumberAnnual CO2 mole fraction increase (ppm) from Jan 1 through Dec 31.
UncertaintynumberEstimated from the standard deviation of the differences between monthly mean values determined independently by the Scripps Institution of Oceanography and by NOAA/ESRL.

co2-mm-gl

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Schema

nametypeformatdescription
DatedateanyYYYY-MM-DD
Decimal Datenumber
Averagenumber
Trendnumber

co2-annmean-gl

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Schema

nametypeformatdescription
Yearyearany
Meannumber
UncertaintynumberThe uncertainty in the global annual mean is estimated using a monte carlo technique that computes 100 global annual averages, each time using a slightly different set of measurement records from the NOAA ESRL cooperative air sampling network. The reported uncertainty is the mean of the standard deviations for each annual average using this technique. Please see Conway et al., 1994, JGR, vol. 99, no. D11. for a complete discussion.

Data Files

FileDescriptionSizeLast modifiedDownload
co2-mm-mlo
37.4 kB22 days ago
co2-mm-mlo
co2-annmean-mlo
1.16 kB22 days ago
co2-annmean-mlo
co2-gr-mlo
1.04 kB22 days ago
co2-gr-mlo
co2-mm-gl
23.2 kB22 days ago
co2-mm-gl
co2-annmean-gl
821 B22 days ago
co2-annmean-gl
co2-gr-gl
1.02 kB22 days ago
co2-gr-gl
FilesSizeFormatCreatedUpdatedLicenseSource
664.6 kBcsv29 days agoOpen Data Commons Public Domain Dedication and License v1.0Trends in Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide, Mauna Loa, Hawaii
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Update Script Maintenance Report

Date: 2026-03-03

  • Ran updater via ./scripts/process.sh.
  • Hardened download behavior in scripts/process.sh:
    • changed to curl --fail --silent --show-error --location ... -o ...
    • added non-empty file check before processing
  • Added workflow token write permission in .github/workflows/update.yml (permissions: contents: write).
  • Regenerated data/co2-mm-mlo.csv (previously stale/empty issue in freshness report).