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Carbon Pricing & Emissions Trading Schemes

Global carbon pricing initiatives — carbon taxes and emissions trading schemes (ETS) — drawn from the World Bank Carbon Pricing Dashboard. Covers 128 compliance instruments across 70+ jurisdictions with annual price data (USD/tCO₂e) from 1990 to 2024. Includes a supplementary time series of New Zealand ETS monthly NZU spot prices from 2010 to present.

API Access

Access dataset files directly from scripts, code, or AI agents.

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Dataset Files

Each file has a stable URL (r-link) that you can use directly in scripts, apps, or AI agents. These URLs are permanent and safe to hardcode.

/climate-and-environment/carbon-pricing/
https://datahub.io/climate-and-environment/carbon-pricing/_r/-/README.md
https://datahub.io/climate-and-environment/carbon-pricing/_r/-/data/carbon-prices.csv
https://datahub.io/climate-and-environment/carbon-pricing/_r/-/data/carbon-pricing-initiatives.csv
https://datahub.io/climate-and-environment/carbon-pricing/_r/-/data/nz-ets-monthly-prices.csv
https://datahub.io/climate-and-environment/carbon-pricing/_r/-/datapackage.json
https://datahub.io/climate-and-environment/carbon-pricing/_r/-/process.py
Key Files

Start with these files — they give you everything you need to understand and access the dataset.

datapackage.jsonmetadata & schema
https://datahub.io/climate-and-environment/carbon-pricing/_r/-/datapackage.json
README.mddocumentation
https://datahub.io/climate-and-environment/carbon-pricing/_r/-/README.md
Typical Usage
  1. 1. Fetch datapackage.json to inspect schema and resources
  2. 2. Download data resources listed in datapackage.json
  3. 3. Read README.md for full context

Data Views

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carbon-pricing-initiatives

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Schema

nametypedescription
idstringWorld Bank unique identifier for the instrument (e.g. Tax_FI, ETS_EU)
namestringFull name of the carbon pricing instrument
typestringInstrument type: Carbon tax or ETS (Emissions Trading Scheme)
statusstringImplementation status and start year (e.g. Implemented in 1990, Under consideration)
jurisdictionstringCountry, region, or subnational jurisdiction covered by the instrument
share_jurisdiction_pctnumberShare of the jurisdiction's total GHG emissions covered by this instrument (%)
share_global_pctnumberShare of global GHG emissions covered by this instrument (%)
current_price_labelstringCurrent carbon price as of April 2024 (local currency and USD equivalent)

carbon-prices

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Schema

nametypedescription
initiativestringName of the carbon pricing instrument
typestringInstrument type: Carbon tax or ETS
jurisdictionstringCountry, region, or subnational jurisdiction
regionstringWorld Bank regional grouping
income_groupstringWorld Bank income classification of the jurisdiction
start_yearintegerYear the instrument was implemented
yearintegerYear of the price observation
price_usd_per_tco2enumberCarbon price in USD per tonne of CO₂-equivalent

nz-ets-monthly-prices

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Schema

nametypeformatdescription
datedate%Y-%m-%dDate of the monthly price observation (mid-month)
price_nzdnumberMonthly mean NZU spot price in New Zealand dollars (NZD) per tonne CO₂-equivalent

Data Files

FileDescriptionSizeLast modifiedDownload
carbon-pricing-initiatives
Overview of all compliance carbon pricing initiatives (CPIs) — carbon taxes and ETS — tracked by the World Bank. One row per instrument.14.1 kBabout 1 month ago
carbon-pricing-initiatives
carbon-prices
Annual carbon prices in USD per tonne of CO₂-equivalent for each initiative, 1990–2024. Long format: one row per initiative per year. Only years with a reported price are included.112 kBabout 1 month ago
carbon-prices
nz-ets-monthly-prices
Monthly mean spot price of New Zealand Emission Units (NZUs) in the NZ Emissions Trading Scheme, from May 2010 to present. Prices are in New Zealand dollars (NZD) per NZU (1 NZU = 1 tonne CO₂-equivalent).3.36 kBabout 1 month ago
nz-ets-monthly-prices
FilesSizeFormatCreatedUpdatedLicenseSource
3129 kBcsvabout 1 month agoCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 InternationalWorld Bank Carbon Pricing Dashboard — State and Trends of Carbon Pricing (April 2024)

Carbon Pricing & Emissions Trading Schemes

Global carbon pricing initiatives — carbon taxes and emissions trading schemes (ETS) — with annual price data from 1990 to 2024, plus a New Zealand ETS monthly price series from 2010 to present.

Data

carbon-pricing-initiatives.csv

Overview of all 128 compliance carbon pricing instruments tracked by the World Bank: name, type (carbon tax or ETS), jurisdiction, share of emissions covered, and current price label.

carbon-prices.csv

Annual carbon prices in USD per tonne CO₂-equivalent for each initiative, 1990–2024, in long format. Only years with a reported price are included (1,248 observations).

FieldDescription
initiativeInstrument name
typeCarbon tax or ETS
jurisdictionCountry or region
regionWorld Bank regional grouping
income_groupWorld Bank income classification
start_yearYear implemented
yearObservation year
price_usd_per_tco2eCarbon price (USD/tCO₂e)

nz-ets-monthly-prices.csv

Monthly mean spot price of New Zealand Emission Units (NZUs) in NZD per tonne CO₂e, from May 2010 to present (~190 monthly observations). The NZ ETS launched in 2008; liquid secondary market pricing began around 2010.

Sources

Processing

Run python3 process.py to regenerate all CSVs by downloading the latest data from the World Bank and GitHub.