Annual benchmark of the unsubsidized levelized cost of energy ($/MWh) for utility-scale renewable and conventional generation technologies, from Lazard's LCOE Analysis series (v1.0–v17.0, 2008–2023). Covers utility-scale solar PV, onshore wind, offshore wind, gas combined cycle, gas peaker, coal, and nuclear. Ranges reflect low and high estimates across plant configurations, financing structures, and geographies.

12,000 years of global population and land use history. HYDE 3.3 provides annual to millennial estimates of world population and agricultural land use (cropland, pasture) from 10,000 BCE to 2023 CE, based on archaeological, historical, and census sources. Developed by the Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL) and Utrecht University.

Ranked table of ~150 climate solutions analysed by Project Drawdown, a leading research organisation that identifies and models the most effective ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Each solution includes its sector, implementation mode, estimated GHG impact (Gt CO₂-eq per year over a 100-year horizon), cost, and co-benefits. Solutions are classified as Highly Recommended, Worthwhile, Keep Watching, or Not Recommended.

24 indicators of the Great Acceleration — the dramatic, post-1950 surge in human activity and its impact on Earth systems. Compiled by the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP) and Stockholm Resilience Centre. Data cover 12 socioeconomic trends (population, GDP, energy use, etc.) and 12 Earth system trends (CO₂, temperature, ocean acidification, etc.) from 1750 to ~2010.

One Earth's Bioregions 2023 framework — 185 discrete bioregions organized within 52 subrealms, 14 realms, and 8 major biogeographical realms. A novel biogeographical classification of Earth's terrestrial surface, building on RESOLVE Ecoregions 2017 (844 ecoregions) and offering a nature-based alternative to political geography for conservation planning.

Global carbon pricing initiatives — carbon taxes and emissions trading schemes (ETS) — drawn from the World Bank Carbon Pricing Dashboard. Covers 128 compliance instruments across 70+ jurisdictions with annual price data (USD/tCO₂e) from 1990 to 2024. Includes a supplementary time series of New Zealand ETS monthly NZU spot prices from 2010 to present.

The nine planetary boundaries define the environmental limits within which humanity can safely operate. Based on Steffen et al. 2015 (Science) and subsequent updates. The dataset includes boundary definitions with safe-operating-space thresholds and temporal evolution data for each indicator from pre-industrial times to 2025. As of 2023, nine out of twelve tracked indicators have exceeded their boundary values.